Gingivitis manual new reduction toothbrush

For such clinical trials, dentifrices without a known plaque-suppressing effect should be recommended. Studies targeting the general population or patients with specific periodontal problems should be considered. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess the long-term effectiveness of powered brushes on plaque and gingivitis. Comparison of plaque index scores between subjects using manual and electric-powered toothbrushes.

National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. Published online Feb Yashika Jain. Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer. This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.

This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Background Plaque is intimately related to the production and progress of dental caries and inflammatory gingival and periodontal diseases. Methods A randomized clinical trial was conducted to compare the efficacy of a powered toothbrush with a manual toothbrush in controlling plaque and gingivitis over a 6-week period.

Conclusion The subject group using the powered toothbrush demonstrated clinical and statistical improvement in overall plaque scores. Keywords: plaque control, oral hygiene, powered toothbrush. Introduction Plaque is intimately related to the production and progress of dental caries and inflammatory gingival and periodontal disease. Subjects and methods A randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted to compare the efficacy of powered and manual toothbrushes in controlling plaque and gingivitis over a 6-week period.

Exclusion criteria Poor manual dexterity Use of drugs that could affect the state of the gingival tissues Current orthodontic therapy Muco-gingival problems Five or more carious teeth requiring immediate treatment Use of any other supplemental plaque control measures, such as interdental cleansing aids or mouthwashes A habit of taking alcohol, smoking or chewing tobacco.

Study protocol A proforma was prepared for the study, so as to have a systematic and methodical recording of all observations and information.

Open in a separate window. Figure 1. Study design showing subject characteristics, materials, and clinical methods. Table 4 Comparison of plaque scores between manual and powered groups at 6 weeks.

Results All 60 subjects successfully completed the study period of 45 days. Table 3 Comparison of plaque scores between manual and powered groups at 2 weeks. Figure 2. Figure 4. Discussion In the present study, when comparing the plaque index scores of the manual and powered groups, subjects in the powered group showed highly significant results on the 14th and 42nd days.

Limitations and recommendations For such clinical trials, dentifrices without a known plaque-suppressing effect should be recommended.

Figure 3. Footnotes Disclosure The author reports no conflicts of interest in this work. References 1. Echeverria JJ, Sanz M. Mechanical supragingival plaque control. Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry. Munksgaard, Denmark: Blackwell Publishing; Experimental gingivitis in man.

J Periodontol. Plaque control. Clinical Periodontology. WB Saunders Co; Clinical evaluation of a newly designed contoured toothbrush. Critchley P. Dental plaque, oral disease and plaque control. J Ind Dent Assoc. Clinical evaluation of plaque removal with a double headed toothbrush. J Clin Periodontol. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3. This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Background: A paucity of conclusive research exists on the optimal design and mode of action of toothbrushes, leading to the introduction of new generation of toothbrushes.

Materials and Methods: A single blind study, using a split-mouth method, was conducted for 45 days on a total of 22 11 males and 11 females student volunteers, with age of 17 to 21 years. Results: Both the toothbrushes showed significant reduction in all three parameters. Conclusion: It may be concluded from the present study that though the sonic toothbrush was insignificantly superior to the ionic toothbrush, both the toothbrushes are clinically effective in removing plaque and improving the gingival conditions.

Keywords: Gingival bleeding, gingivitis, ionic toothbrushes, plaque, sonic toothbrushes, toothbrushing. Inclusion criteria consisted of subjects: with good general health, without any systematic diseases, with disease known to affect oral tissues, who had not received any periodontal therapy for past 3 months, who had not taken any antibiotics or antiseptic mouthwashes since last one month prior to study, with full complement of teeth, except third molars, with ability to attend hospital at recall intervals.

Exclusion criteria consisted of subjects: with orthodontic appliances, using any other supplemental plaque control methods, with five or more carious teeth requiring immediate treatment, with mucogingival problems like high frenal attachment, with manual dexterity conditions, who were taking drugs that could affect state of gingival tissues including corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Open in a separate window. Figure 1. Figure 2. Study design A single blind study, using a split mouth method, i. Statistical analysis Intragroup comparisons were analyzed by paired t test and intergroup comparisons of reductions in various clinical parameters between two groups were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test. Table 1 Comparison of reduction in gingival index at different time intervals. Plaque index As shown in Table 2 the ionic toothbrush showed more reduction on 15 th and 30 th day, while both the toothbrushes showed almost same reduction on 45 th day.

Table 2 Comparison of reduction in plaque index at different time intervals. Gingival bleeding index As shown in Table 3 , reduction in GBI was more in case of sonic toothbrushes at the end of the study 45 th day , while, the ionic toothbrushes showed more reduction on 15 th and 30 th day. Table 3 Comparison of reduction in bleeding index at different time intervals. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Loe H, Silness J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. Acta Odontol Scand.

Socransky S, Haffajee AD. The bacterial etiology of destructive periodontal disease: Current concepts. J Periodontol. European Workshop on Mechanical Plaque Control. Hancock EB. In prevention. Ann Periodontol. Gift HC. Current utilization patterns of oral hygiene practices. Dental plaque control measures and oral hygiene practices. Improved maintenance of plaque control by electrical toothbrushing in periodontitis patients with low compliance.

J Clin Periodontol. Clinical and computer-assisted evaluations of the stain removal ability of the Sonicare electronic toothbrush. J Clin Dent. Reduced plaque formation by the chloromethyl analogue of vitamin C. A modified gingival index for use in clinical trial. Clin Prev Dent. They were then instructed to brush their teeth twice a day for 1 minute with their assigned toothbrush and a commercially available toothpaste Colgate Cavity Protection Great Regular Flavor Fluoride Toothpaste for the next 4 weeks.

After 4 weeks of use, subjects returned to the clinical facility for a final gingivitis and plaque examination. The results of the study indicated that the new manual toothbrush was statistically significantly effective in reducing gingivitis after 4 weeks and in removing plaque after a single toothbrushing and after 4 weeks of use.

Also, the new manual toothbrush exhibited a statistically significant greater reduction in gingivitis and in gingivitis-related bleeding sites after 4 weeks of use as well as statistically significant greater plaque removal after a single toothbrushing and after 4 weeks of use, as compared to the Oral B Indicator toothbrush.

This superior plaque-removal performance was found in separate analyses of the whole mouth, at interproximal surfaces, and at the gumline.